Program CANOCO Version 4.0 September 1997 - written by Cajo J.F. ter Braak Copyright (c) 1988-1997 Centre for Biometry Wageningen, CPRO-DLO Box 100, 6700 AC Wageningen, the Netherlands. CANOCO performs (partial) (detrended) (canonical) correspondence analysis, principal components analysis and redundancy analysis. CANOCO is an extension of Cornell Ecology program DECORANA (Hill,1979) For explanation of the input/output see the manual or Ter Braak, C.J.F. (1995) Ordination. Chapter 5 in: Data Analysis in Community and Landscape Ecology (Jongman, R.H.G., Ter Braak, C.J.F. and Van Tongeren, O.F.R., Eds) Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 91-173 pp. *** Type of analysis *** Model Gradient analysis indirect direct hybrid linear 1=PCA 2= RDA 3 unimodal 4= CA 5= CCA 6 ,, 7=DCA 8=DCCA 9 10=non-standard analysis Type analysis number Answer = 7 *** Data files *** Species data : spide100.dta Covariable data : Environmental data : soilvgln.dta Initialization file: Number of segments = 26 Nonlinear recaling of axes Rescaling threshold = .00 Number of axes in biplot = 2 Diagnostics = 2 File : spide100.dta Title : Van der Aart & Smeen-Enserink: 100 pitfall data (ter Braak 1985) Format : (I6,2X, 12F4.0)) No. of couplets of species number and abundance per line : 0 No samples omitted Number of samples 100 Number of species 12 Number of occurrences 643 File : soilvgln.dta Title : Ln-transformed 26 env. vars of Van der Aart & Smeen-Enserink: (ter Braak 1986) Format : (1X,I5,(T10,7F10.4)) No. of environmental variables : 26 No interaction terms defined No transformation of species data No species-weights specified No sample-weights specified No downweighting of rare species No. of active samples: 28 No. of passive samples: 72 No. of active species: 12 Total inertia in species data= Sum of all eigenvalues of CA = 1.92296 ****** Check on influence in covariable/environment data ****** The following sample(s) have extreme values Sample Environmental Covariable + Environment space variable Influence influence influence 8 15 6.3x 19 15 7.2x 19 16 111.3x 19 17 6.5x 19 19 33.3x 24 3.3x 24 9 43.0x 29 22 20.7x 29 23 7.4x 41 13 7.2x 49 11 8.3x ****** End of check ****** 1 **** Weighted correlation matrix (weight = sample total) **** SPEC AX1 1.0000 SPEC AX2 -.1173 1.0000 SPEC AX3 .3507 -.2253 1.0000 SPEC AX4 -.1895 -.0136 -.0555 1.0000 ENVI AX1 .9976 -.1162 .3529 -.1866 1.0000 ENVI AX2 -.1162 .9998 -.2256 -.0146 -.1164 1.0000 ENVI AX3 .3523 -.2259 .9998 -.0565 .3531 -.2258 1.0000 ENVI AX4 -.1864 -.0145 -.0566 .9988 -.1869 -.0145 -.0566 1.0000 WaterCon -.8458 -.0676 -.0741 .1533 -.8478 -.0674 -.0742 .1535 Humuscon -.7397 -.0645 -.0836 .1220 -.7415 -.0643 -.0837 .1221 Acidity .7264 .0936 .1694 -.1281 .7281 .0936 .1694 -.1283 BareSand .5264 -.0122 .4193 -.1820 .5275 -.0119 .4193 -.1822 FallTwig -.3994 .7786 -.0874 -.0263 -.4004 .7790 -.0876 -.0262 CoveMoss .7446 .0166 .2705 -.1358 .7464 .0165 .2706 -.1360 CoveHerb -.2766 -.6962 -.2168 .1111 -.2774 -.6962 -.2168 .1112 MaxHHerb -.7172 .0344 -.2844 .2810 -.7189 .0348 -.2845 .2814 MinHHerb -.3316 -.2685 -.0438 .0548 -.3324 -.2685 -.0438 .0548 CoveCala -.5534 -.5995 -.3790 .2734 -.5547 -.5995 -.3790 .2737 CoveCare .2628 -.3125 .1214 .0737 .2634 -.3129 .1216 .0737 CoveFesc -.1428 -.2247 -.1799 -.0258 -.1431 -.2250 -.1798 -.0259 CoveCory .8197 -.0484 .4153 -.1280 .8217 -.0486 .4154 -.1282 CoveUrti -.3762 -.0200 -.0792 .0512 -.3772 -.0197 -.0793 .0513 CoveMoeh -.2903 .1919 -.0286 -.1113 -.2910 .1925 -.0288 -.1113 CoveShru -.1513 .1255 .4075 -.2743 -.1518 .1263 .4073 -.2745 MaxHShru -.2512 .4593 -.0168 .0175 -.2520 .4603 -.0171 .0177 MinHShru -.2565 .5008 -.0593 .0511 -.2573 .5018 -.0597 .0514 CoveLigu -.2498 .0599 .3885 -.3227 -.2505 .0605 .3885 -.3230 CoveTree -.3688 .7336 -.0641 -.0908 -.3697 .7342 -.0644 -.0907 MaxHTree -.3346 .7806 -.4714 .1930 -.3353 .7808 -.4717 .1933 CovePopu -.2998 .8523 -.2371 .1241 -.3005 .8524 -.2373 .1244 CoveCrat -.3523 .7294 -.4176 .1556 -.3531 .7297 -.4178 .1558 Lux grey .5058 -.4754 .0100 .0123 .5070 -.4758 .0101 .0122 Lux sun .6321 -.5556 .1388 .0162 .6336 -.5562 .1390 .0161 Refl Lux .6491 -.5401 .0661 .0341 .6507 -.5405 .0662 .0340 SPEC AX1 SPEC AX2 SPEC AX3 SPEC AX4 ENVI AX1 ENVI AX2 ENVI AX3 ENVI AX4 WaterCon 1.0000 Humuscon .9420 1.0000 Acidity -.7163 -.6986 1.0000 BareSand -.3309 -.2740 .7532 1.0000 FallTwig .3755 .3893 -.1195 .0999 1.0000 CoveMoss -.6973 -.5361 .3058 .2060 -.2841 1.0000 CoveHerb .2890 .3022 -.3802 -.3112 -.5879 -.1967 1.0000 MaxHHerb .6140 .4655 -.2554 -.1106 .3243 -.6557 .1673 1.0000 MinHHerb .3722 .2923 -.1566 -.1975 -.1384 -.5055 .2943 .2782 CoveCala .5208 .4806 -.4254 -.3202 -.3329 -.4884 .7748 .4741 CoveCare .0266 .1574 .0246 .1401 -.2496 .1348 .2847 -.3418 CoveFesc .1695 .2592 -.2279 -.1399 -.2612 -.0388 .4312 -.0910 CoveCory -.6531 -.5718 .3840 .2550 -.2627 .7080 -.2610 -.7238 CoveUrti .6084 .6118 -.1038 .0737 .1964 -.4688 .2234 .4056 CoveMoeh .4331 .5113 -.0790 .2432 .5138 -.1540 -.0401 .3784 CoveShru .1999 .2564 -.0239 .3820 .4603 .0773 -.1908 .2143 MaxHShru .1069 .1375 .0613 .2313 .6122 -.1077 -.2413 .3288 MinHShru .0890 .1117 .0656 .1980 .6169 -.1256 -.2504 .3210 CoveLigu .3626 .3917 -.1242 .1962 .3227 -.0140 -.1111 .2288 CoveTree .2295 .2197 -.0439 .0596 .7775 -.1841 -.4763 .3350 MaxHTree .1240 .1094 -.0898 -.2256 .7351 -.2668 -.5004 .2381 CovePopu .0516 -.0033 -.0730 -.1750 .7260 -.2047 -.5150 .1353 CoveCrat .1458 .1183 -.1211 -.2577 .5453 -.2176 -.2306 .1853 Lux grey -.2971 -.1522 .1329 .0444 -.6504 .5183 .3815 -.4608 Lux sun -.4410 -.3241 .2011 .0728 -.7220 .4789 .3270 -.6336 Refl Lux -.5001 -.3914 .2839 .2042 -.6694 .4846 .3307 -.5148 WaterCon Humuscon Acidity BareSand FallTwig CoveMoss CoveHerb MaxHHerb MinHHerb 1.0000 CoveCala .4343 1.0000 CoveCare -.3493 .1051 1.0000 CoveFesc -.2267 .4155 .6089 1.0000 CoveCory -.3219 -.6337 .2295 -.3685 1.0000 CoveUrti .4798 .2709 .0888 -.0280 -.3784 1.0000 CoveMoeh -.1950 -.0171 .0463 -.0979 -.2710 .5522 1.0000 CoveShru -.1011 -.1409 -.3299 -.2553 -.1280 .0941 .5744 1.0000 MaxHShru -.1150 -.2044 -.3815 -.3888 -.1949 .2134 .5967 .6989 MinHShru -.1079 -.2141 -.3797 -.3853 -.1931 .2062 .5473 .6349 CoveLigu .1261 -.0609 -.3247 -.1928 -.2088 .4000 .5842 .8384 CoveTree -.2004 -.3855 -.3744 -.3166 -.2769 .2541 .6677 .5432 MaxHTree -.1248 -.2883 -.2977 -.3395 -.1812 .1116 .2873 -.0005 CovePopu -.0473 -.3592 -.3624 -.2609 -.1405 -.1402 -.0205 .0677 CoveCrat -.1338 -.2158 -.1506 -.1326 -.2070 .2456 .3179 .0162 Lux grey .2243 .1769 .2802 .1728 .3885 .0705 -.3371 -.3249 Lux sun -.0130 .1074 .5482 .3833 .4880 -.2857 -.5717 -.5007 Refl Lux -.1208 .1216 .4803 .3369 .4567 -.3586 -.5138 -.4162 MinHHerb CoveCala CoveCare CoveFesc CoveCory CoveUrti CoveMoeh CoveShru MaxHShru 1.0000 MinHShru .9949 1.0000 CoveLigu .5026 .4432 1.0000 CoveTree .7654 .7585 .5009 1.0000 MaxHTree .5006 .5414 -.0775 .6895 1.0000 CovePopu .4056 .4595 -.0741 .5844 .7222 1.0000 CoveCrat .4500 .4945 .0693 .6909 .7790 .6743 1.0000 Lux grey -.5026 -.5070 -.1725 -.6901 -.5649 -.5274 -.4357 1.0000 Lux sun -.6863 -.6798 -.4889 -.8886 -.6371 -.5501 -.5943 .7947 Refl Lux -.5554 -.5531 -.5499 -.8520 -.6061 -.5381 -.6324 .7249 MaxHShru MinHShru CoveLigu CoveTree MaxHTree CovePopu CoveCrat Lux grey Lux sun 1.0000 Refl Lux .9419 1.0000 Lux sun Refl Lux N name (weighted) mean stand. dev. inflation factor 1 SPEC AX1 1.3524 .8639 2 SPEC AX2 .6582 .5027 3 SPEC AX3 .4838 .2094 4 SPEC AX4 .4705 .1009 5 ENVI AX1 1.3524 .8618 6 ENVI AX2 .6582 .5028 7 ENVI AX3 .4838 .2094 8 ENVI AX4 .4705 .1008 1 WaterCon 2.7832 .5992 183.3358 2 Humuscon 1.8424 .5229 339.6667 3 Acidity 3.8993 .9725 61.6648 4 BareSand .6254 1.1543 16.5569 5 FallTwig .9310 1.5422 824.0724 6 CoveMoss 1.7548 1.2910 143.6830 7 CoveHerb 4.0585 .9166 40.9328 8 MaxHHerb 3.0323 .8543 36.9028 9 MinHHerb 1.0468 .7843 89.7036 10 CoveCala 3.0398 1.7197 40.0747 11 CoveCare .8965 .7993 75.5780 12 CoveFesc 1.3002 1.4978 52.0886 13 CoveCory .5390 1.2389 67.2315 14 CoveUrti .4587 .5274 101.9008 15 CoveMoeh .6110 .9807 218.1120 16 CoveShru .2036 .6924 1169.6295 17 MaxHShru .4374 .9766 68299.1045 18 MinHShru .3433 .7734 54879.0618 19 CoveLigu .3529 .7354 487.6930 20 CoveTree 1.0902 1.7130 160.8115 21 MaxHTree .2606 .6258 292.9263 22 CovePopu .2829 .8757 160.9787 23 CoveCrat .2595 .5456 64.1939 24 Lux grey 2.3344 .7226 306.9098 25 Lux sun 2.8728 1.0142 1483.5949 26 Refl Lux 2.5004 1.1973 1721.8548 **** Summary **** Axes 1 2 3 4 Total inertia Eigenvalues : .701 .167 .037 .027 1.923 Lengths of gradient : 3.938 2.056 .910 .840 Species-environment correlations : .998 1.000 1.000 .999 Cumulative percentage variance of species data : 36.4 45.1 47.0 48.4 of species-environment relation: 32.0 43.4 .0 .0 Sum of all unconstrained eigenvalues 1.923 Sum of all canonical eigenvalues 1.909